Phosphate ester fluid conforming to specifi-cation MIL-H-19457 is used in aircraft elevators,ballast valve operating systems, and replenish-ment-at-sea systems. This type of fluid containsa controlled amount of neurotoxic material.Because of the neurotoxic effects that can resultfrom ingestion, skin absorption, or inhalation ofthese fluids, be sure to use the followingprecautions:1. Avoid contact with the fluids by wearingprotective clothing.2. Use chemical goggles or face shields toprotect your eyes.3. If you are expected to work in anatmosphere containing a fine mist or spray,wear a continuous-flow airline respirator.4. Thoroughly clean skin areas contaminatedby this fluid with soap and water.5. If you get any fluid in your eyes, flush themwith running water for at least 15 minutesand seek medical attention.If you come in contact with MIL-H-19457fluid, report the contact when you seek medicalaid and whenever you have a routine medicalexamination.Naval Ships’ Technical Manual, chapter 262,contains a list of protective clothing, along withnational stock numbers (NSN), for use with fluidsconforming to MIL-H-19457. It also containsprocedures for repair work and for low-levelleakage and massive spills cleanup.PHOSPHATE ESTER FLUID DISPOSAL.—Waste MIL-H-19457 fluids and refuse (rags andother materials) must not be dumped at sea. Fluidshould be placed in bung-type drums. Rags andother materials should be placed in open topdrums for shore disposal. These drums should bemarked with a warning label stating their content,safety precautions, and disposal instructions.Detailed instructions for phosphate ester fluidsdisposal can be found in Naval Ships’ TechnicalManual, chapter 262, and OPNAVINST 5090.1.Silicone Synthetic Fire-Resistant FluidsSilicone synthetic fire-resistant fluids arefrequently used for hydraulic systems whichrequire fire resistance, but which have onlymarginal requirements for other chemical orphysical properties common to hydraulic fluids.Silicone fluids do not have the detrimentalcharacteristics of phosphate ester fluids, nordo they provide the corrosion protection andlubrication of phosphate ester fluids, but they areexcellent for fire protection. Silicone fluidconforming to MIL-S-81087 is used in the missileholddown and lockout system aboard submarines.Lightweight Synthetic Fire-Resistant FluidsIn applications where weight is critical,lightweight synthetic fluid is used in hydraulicsystems. MIL-H-83282 is a synthetic, fire-resistanthydraulic fluid used in military aircraft andhydrofoils where the requirement to minimizeweight dictates the use of a low-viscosity fluid.It is also the most commonly used fluid in aviationsupport equipment. NAVAIR 01-1A-17 containsadditional information on fluids conforming tospecification MIL-H-83282.WATER-BASED FIRE-RESISTANTFLUIDSThe most widely used water-based hydraulicfluids may be classified as water-glycol mixturesand water-synthetic base mixtures. The water-glycol mixture contains additives to protect it fromoxidation, corrosion, and biological growth andto enhance its load-carrying capacity.Fire resistance of the water mixture fluidsdepends on the vaporization and smotheringeffect of steam generated from the water. Thewater in water-based fluids is constantly beingdriven off while the system is operating. There-fore, frequent checks to maintain the correct ratioof water are important.The water-based fluid used in catapultretracting engines, jet blast deflectors, andweapons elevators and handling systems conformsto MIL-H-22072.The safety precautions outlined for phosphateester fluid and the disposal of phosphate esterfluid also apply to water-based fluid conformingto MIL-H-22072.CONTAMINATIONHydraulic fluid contamination may bedescribed as any foreign material or substancewhose presence in the fluid is capable of adverselyaffecting system performance or reliability. It mayassume many different forms, including liquids,gases, and solid matter of various composition,sizes, and shapes. Solid matter is the type mostoften found in hydraulic systems and is generally3-6
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