ENGINEMAN 1 & CExcessive WearA. Symptoms:1. Low compression2. Hard starting3. Loss of power4. Smoky exhaust5. Waste of fuel6. Excess oilconsumption7. Poor engineoperation(Other factorswhich may causelow compressionpressure:a. Leaking cylindervalvesb. Faulty injectorgasketc. Faulty headgasketd. Leaking after-chamber valvese. Clogged intakeportsf. Intake air headerleakageg. Faulty blowerh. Clogged airfilter)Other factors whichmay cause excessiveB. Causes:oil consumption:a. Loose bearingsb. High lube oiltemperaturesc. Oil line leakaged. Improper oil)1. Inadequate lubrication2. Excessive piston heat3. Rings damaged during installation4. Ring- to-land clearance insufficient5. Dust or dirt in intake air6. Dirt in lube oil or fuel7. Rings stuck in grooves8. Worn cylinder linersStickingBreakageC. Symptoms:1. Low compres-sion2. Loss of power3. Smoky exhaust4. Excessive oilconsumption5. Blow-by forcingfumes fromcrankcaseD. Causes1. Improper ring-to-land clear-ance2. Insufficient ringpressure3. Excessive oper-ating tempera-ture4. Improper oil5. Improper in-stallationE. Symptoms:1. Hard starting2. Loss of power3. Excess oilconsumption4. Possible emis-sion of smokefrom crank-case breatherF. Causes:1. Cylinder linerridge2. Cylinder portdamage3. Insufficient gapclearance4. Insufficientclearance be-hind ringFigure 3-18.—Piston ring troubles, their symptoms and causes.121.2with a thickness gage, and must be made com-pletely around the piston.PISTON RINGSReplace most damaged or excessively wornpistons. Since replacement of damaged pistons isusually necessary, shipboard repair parts shouldalways be maintained at full allowance.The troubles to which piston rings are subjectand their symptoms and causes are listed in figure3-18.All symptoms and causes shown for ring wearare either directly and indirectly related to3-28
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