Table 5-1.-Classification of Pits and QuarriesTypeMaterialPrimaryUseOperatingEquipmentPIT:Select soil other than sandand gravel.Fill for embankments andsubgrades.Scraper, dozer, rooter,power shovel, frontloader, or dragline anddump trucks.Borrow:Sand or gravel:(Bank or Hill)Sand and gravel withclay.Base course, subbases,and fills.Scrapers or power shovel,front loader, or hand toolsand dump trucks.Power shovel, frontloader, dragline, orclamshell and dumptrucks.Power shovel, frontloader, or hand tools anddump trucks.(Alluvial)Clean sand and gravel.Aggregates for concreteand bituminous mixes andfree-draining, nonfrostsusceptible fills.Miscellaneous:(Dumps)Slag, mine tailings,cinders, etc.Surfacing, tills, andaggregates.QUARRY:Hard rockHard, tough rocks likegranite, felsite, gabbro,diorite, basalt, quartzite,and some sandstones,limestones, anddolomites.Aggregates for basecourses, surfacing,concrete and bituminousmixes, free-draining tillsand stone for riprap,embankments, and marinestructures.Rock drill, blastingmaterials and machine,power shovel, frontloader, dump trucks, andcrushing, screening (andwashing) plant.Rock drill, blastingmaterials and machine,power shovel, frontloader, dump trucks, andcrushing, screening (andwashing) plant.Rooter, power shovel,front loader, and earthmoving equipment.Medium rock:Moderately hard, toughrocks like mostsandstones, limestones,solomites, and marbles.Base courses andsurfacing on roads andairfields and aggregatesfor some concrete andbituminous mixes.Soft rock:Cementaceous materialsFills and base coursesand surfacing for roadsand airfields.like limerock, coral,caliche, tuff, and lateriteor weak rocks likedisintegrated granite andsome sandstones orconglomerates.5-2
Integrated Publishing, Inc. - A (SDVOSB) Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business