Slope Stakes

Offset Stakes

leveling Equipment

Equipment Operator Basic - Beginning construction equipment operators manual
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centerline stake would be marked for a fill to reach the same elevation. Slope Stakes The identification markings on slope stakes may vary according to survey parties; however, the symbol SS is the most commonly used slope stake symbol. The information normally found on a slope stake (fig. 15-33) is any cut-or-fill requirements, the distance from the center line, and the slope ratio. When it becomes necessary to offset the slope stake, the offset distance from where the slope stake should be is written at the bottom of the offset stake. Slope stakes indicate the intersection of the cut-or-fill slope with the existing natural groundline and limit of earthwork on each side of the center line (fig. 15-34). Right-of-Way Stakes Stakes set on the property line of a construction site are known as right-of-way stakes. These stakes Figure 15-33.—Slope stake. mark the boundaries of the site or project. You must not operate equipment outside the property line defined by the right-of-way stakes. The right-of-way stakes are usually marked by the use of colored cloth (bunting) or flagging. Occasionally right-of-way stakes may be marked with the symbol R/W (fig. 15-35). Finish Grade Stakes When performing final grading, you are likely to work with stakes called blue tops. These are hub stakes, which are usually 2 inches by 2 inches by 6 inches. These hubs are driven into the ground until the top is at the exact elevation of the finished grade as determined by the surveying crew. They are colored with a blue lumber crayon (keel) to identify them as finish grade stakes. Red crayon is normally used to indicate the subgrade elevation. Blue top stakes are placed when the existing grade is within 0.2 feet (2.4 inches) above the final or desired grade. The desired grade is obtained by lowering or raising the compacted grade with a grader until it is flush or even with the top of the hub (fig. 15-36). Figure 15-35.—Right-of-way stake symbol. Figure 15-34.—Slope stake set in existing natural groundline. 15-20

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