the frequency requirements. When selecting a site to set
up a generator, keep in mind that the noise level of the
generator may present a problem in low-noise level or
quiet areas.
For example, the operating 100-kW
generator presents a noise hazard that exceeds the
allowable limits for unprotected personnel in the
immediate area; therefore, all personnel in the
immediate area must wear single- or double-hearing
protection.
Other factors to consider when selecting a site to set
up a generator are as follows:
1. Placing a generator near points of large demand
reduces the size of the wire required, holds the line loss
(voltage) to a minimum, and provides adequate voltage
control at the remote ends of the line.
2. The generator must be placed on a stable,
preferably level, foundation. It should NOT be operated
on an incline of more than 15 degrees from level.
3. In an area where the ground is soft, stabilize the
foundation with wood planking, sand bags, or other
materials to provide a firm foundation for the generator.
Although generators are designed to be operated
outdoors, prolonged exposure to wind, rain, and other
adverse conditions will shorten their lives. When
generators are to remain on site for any extended period
of time, they should be mounted on solid-concrete
foundations and installed under some type of shelter.
Grounding
The generator set must be connected to a suitable
ground before operation.
WARNING
Electrical faults in the generator, load lines,
or load equipment can cause injury or
electrocution from contact with an ungrounded
generator.
Various types of grounding systems are used, such
as an underground metallic water piping system (fig.
14-29, view A), a driven-metal rod (fig. 14-29, view B),
or a buried metal plate (fig. 14-29, view C). A ground
rod must have a minimum diameter of 5/8 inch if solid
and 3/4 inch if pipe. The ground rod must be driven to
a minimum depth of 8 feet. A ground plate must have a
minimum area of 2 square feet and, where practical, be
embedded below the permanent moisture level.
NOTE: The ground rod is accountable collateral
gear for a generator.
Figure 14-29.—Methods of grounding generators.
The ground lead must be at least No. 8 AWG
(American Wire Gauge) copper wire. The lead is bolted
or clamped to the rod, plate, or piping system. The other
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