TORQUE—A force or combination of forcesthat produces or tends to produce a twisting orrotary motion.TUBING—A type of fluid line whosedimensions are designated by actual measuredoutside diameter and by actual measured wallthickness.TURBINE—A rotary motor actuated bythe reaction, impulse, or both, of a flow ofpressurized fluid.VALVE—A device that controls fluid flowdirection, pressure, or flow rate.VALVE, CHECK—A directional controlvalve that permits flow of fluid in only onedirection.VALVE, COUNTERBALANCE—A pressurecontrol valve that maintains back pressure toprevent a load from falling.VALVE, DIRECTIONAL CONTROL—Avalve whose primary function is to direct orprevent flow through selected passages.VALVE, FLOW CONTROL—A valve whoseprimary function is to control flow rate.VALVE, HYDRAULIC—A valve for con-trolling liquid.VALVE, PILOT—A valve used to operateanother valve or control.VALVE, PNEUMATIC—A valve for con-trolling gas.VALVE, PRESSURE REDUCING—Apressure control valve whose primary function isto limit outlet pressure.VALVE, PRIORITY—A valve that directsflow to one operating circuit at a fixed rate anddirects excess flow to another operating circuit.VALVE, RELIEF—A pressure control valvewhose primary function is to limit systempressure.VALVE, SELECTOR—A directional controlvalve whose primary function is to selectivelyinterconnect two or more ports.VALVE, SEQUENCE—A valve whoseprimary function is to direct flow in a pre-determined sequence.VALVE, SERVO—A directional control valvethat modulates flow or pressure as a function ofits input signal.VALVE, SHUTOFF—A valve that operatesfully open or fully closed.VALVE, UNLOADING—A pressure controlvalve whose primary function is to permit a pumpor compressor to operate at minimum load.VELOCITY—The rate of motion in aparticular direction. The velocity of fluids isusually expressed in feet per second.VENTURI—A tube having a narrowingthroat or constriction to increase the velocity offluid flowing through it. The flow through theventuri causes a pressure drop in the smallestsection, the amount being a function of thevelocity of flow.VISCOSITY—A measure of the internalfriction or resistance of a fluid to flow.VISCOSITY INDEX—A measure of theviscosity-temperature characteristics of a fluid asreferred to that of two arbitrary reference fluids.VISCOSITY, SAYBOLT UNIVERSALSECONDS (SUS)—The time in seconds for 60milliliters of oil to flow through a standard orificeat a given temperature.VISCOSITY, KINEMATIC—The absoluteviscosity divided by the density of the fluid. It isusually expressed in centistokes.VOLUME OF FLOW—The quantity of fluidthat passes a certain point in a unit of time. Thevolume of flow is usually expressed in gallons perminute for liquids and cubic feet per minute forgases.WORK—The transference of energy from onebody or system to another. That which isaccomplished by a force acting through a distance.AI-8
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