Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas;each has distinguishing characteristics. Solids havea definite volume and a definite shape; liquidshave a definite volume, but take the shape of theircontaining vessels; gases have neither a definiteshape nor a definite volume. Gases not only takethe shape of the containing vessel, but also expandand fill the vessel, regardless of its volume.Examples of the states of matter are iron, water,and air.Matter can change from one state to another.Water is a good example. At high temperaturesit is in the gaseous state known as steam. Atmoderate temperatures it is a liquid, and at lowtemperatures it becomes ice, which is definitelya solid state. In this example, the temperature isthe dominant factor in determining the state thesubstance assumes.Pressure is another important factor that willaffect changes in the state of matter. At pressureslower than atmospheric pressure, water will boiland thus change into steam at temperatures lowerthan 212° Fahrenheit (F). Pressure is also a criticalfactor in changing some gases to liquids or solids.Normally, when pressure and chilling are bothapplied to a gas, the gas assumes a liquid state.Liquid air, which is a mixture of oxygen andnitrogen, is produced in this manner.In the study of fluid power, we are concernedprimarily with the properties and characteristicsof liquids and gases. However, you should keepin mind that the properties of solids also affectthe characteristics of liquids and gases. The linesand components, which are solids, enclose andcontrol the liquid or gas in their respectivesystems.1-4
Integrated Publishing, Inc. - A (SDVOSB) Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business
