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Engineman 2 - Intermediate engine mechanics training manual
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Figure 9-3.—Side view of a carriage mounted on a bed. machined.  However,  the  tailstock  can  also  be  used  to hold tapered shank drills, reamers, and drill chucks. It can be moved on the ways along the length of the bed and can be clamped in the desired position by tightening the tailstock clamping nut. This movement allows for the turning of different lengths of work. The tailstock can be adjusted laterally (front to back) to cut a taper by loosening  the  clamping  screws  at  the  bottom  of  the tailstock. (see fig. 9-1.) Before  you  insert  a  dead  center,  drill,  or  reamer, carefully  clean  the  tapered  shank  and  wipe  out  the tapered  hole  of  the  tailstock  spindle.  When  you  hold drills or reamers in the tapered hole of the spindle, be sure they are tight enough so they will not revolve. If you allow them to revolve, they will score the tapered hole and destroy its accuracy. Carriage The  carriage  is  the  movable  support  for  the crossfeed slide and the compound rest. The compound rest carries the cutting tool in the tool post. Figure 9-3 shows how the carriage travels along the bed over which it slides on the outboard ways. The carriage has T-slots or tapped holes to use for clamping work for boring or milling. When the carriage is  used  for  boring  and  milling  operations,  carriage movement feeds the work to the cutting tool, which is rotated by the headstock spindle. You can lock the carriage in any position on the bed by tightening the carriage clamp screw. But you do this only when you do such work as facing or parting-off, for which longitudinal feed is not required. Normally the  carriage  clamp  is  kept  in  the  released  position. Always move the carriage by hand to be sure it is free before you engage its automatic feed. Apron The apron is attached to the front of the carriage and contains the mechanism that controls the movement of the carriage and the crossslide. Feed Rod The feed rod transmits power to the apron to drive the  longitudinal  feed  and  crossfeed  mechanisms.  The feed rod is driven by the spindle through a train of gears. The ratio of feed rod speed to spindle speed can be varied by using change gears to produce various rates of feed. 9-3







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