threading tools. For example, to grind an Acme
can do on a surface grinder. Use the following
threading tool, set the vise swivel at 14 1/2 from
procedures:
parallel to the table. Set the intermediate swivel to the
1. Place the workpiece on the magnetic chuck.
clearance angle. Set the base swivel so the tool blank
Move the chuck lever to the position that energizes the
(held in the vise jaws) is parallel to the spindle of the
magnetic field.
grinder. Remember to leave the tool blank extending far
2. Select and mount an appropriate grinding
enough out of the end of the vise jaws to prevent the
grinding wheel from hitting the vise. After grinding one
wheel. This job requires a straight-type wheel with a
side of the tool bit, turn it one-half turn in the vise and
designation similar to A60F12V.
set the intermediate swivel to an equal but opposite
3. Set the table stop dogs so the sliding table will
angle to the angle set for the first side. This setting will
move the work clear of the wheel at each end of the
result in a clearance equal to the clearance of the first
stroke. If you use power traverse, set the table reverse
side.
dogs.
Another method for grinding single-point tools is
4. Set the longitudinal traverse speed of the
to hold the tool in a special fixture, as shown in figure
worktable. To rough grind hardened steel, use a speed
10-8. The fixture surfaces are cut at the angles necessary
of about 25 fpm; to finish the piece, use 40 fpm.
to hold the tool so the angles of the tool bit are formed
properly.
5. Set the cross traverse mechanism so the table
moves under the wheel a distance slightly less than the
When you use either method to grind tool bits,
width of the wheel after each pass. (Refer to the
check the bit occasionally with an appropriate gauge
manufacturer's technical manual for specific
until you have the correct dimensions. To save time,
procedures for steps 4 and 5.)
rough grind the bit to approximate size on a bench
grinder before you set it in the jig.
6. Start the spindle motor, let the machine run for
a few minutes, and then dress the wheel.
CYLINDRICAL GRINDER
7. Feed the moving wheel down until it just
touches the work surface; then use the manual cross
The cylindrical grinder is used to grind work such
traverse handwheel to move the work clear of the wheel.
as round shafts. Although many of the construction
Set the graduated feed collar on zero to keep track of
features of the cylindrical grinder are similar to those of
how much you feed the wheel into the work.
the surface grinder, there is a considerable difference in
8. Feed the wheel down about 0.002 inch and
the functions of the components. Cylindrical grinders
have no cross traverse table. An additional piece of
engage the longitudinal power traverse. Use the cross
equipment (the workhead) is mounted on the sliding
traverse handwheel to bring the grinding wheel into
table, and the wheelhead spindle is parallel to the sliding
contact with the edge of the workpiece.
9. Engage the power cross traverse and let the
As in the surface grinder, the base of this machine
wheel grind across the surface of the workpiece.
contains a hydraulic power unit and a coolant system.
Carefully note the cutting action to decide if you need
Longitudinal ways support the sliding table. Horizontal
to adjust the wheel speed or the work speed.
ways (at right angles to the longitudinal ways) permit
10. Stop the longitudinal and cross traverses and
the wheelhead to move toward or away from the
check the workpiece.
workpiece. You will use this horizontal movement to
feed the grinding wheel into the work for a depth of cut.
tool and cutter grinder to grind a lathe tool bit. For this
SLIDING TABLE
job, set the base swivel (A) to the required side cutting
edge angle, the intermediate swivel (B) to the side
clearance angle, and the vise swivel (C) so the vise jaws
The sliding table of the cylindrical grinder is
are parallel to the table. Then, use a cup-type wheel to
mounted directly on the longitudinal ways. This table
grind the side of the tool. Reset the universal vise to cut
moves back and forth to traverse the work
the end and top of the tool after the side is ground.
longitudinally along the width of the grinding wheel.
You can use the universal vise on a surface grinder
An adjustable taper table, located on top of the
sliding table is used to grind long (small angle) tapers
for very accurate grinding of lathe cutting tools such as
10-8